Science

Russia's only way to send astronauts to space has suffered some serious blast damage

A Soyuz spacecraft fires its booster engines.
The Soyuz MS-28 lifts off at the Baikonur spaceport. The facility's only launchpad was damaged during the takeoff. Screenshot/Roscosmos
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Russia's sole launchpad for sending astronauts into space suffered severe damage during a rocket blastoff on Thursday.

Footage of the incident from Roscosmos, Russia's space agency, showed that part of the structure collapsed and fell into a large exhaust trench below.

Roscosmos confirmed to state media on Thursday that the launchpad, located in Baikonur, Kazakhstan, had been damaged, but did not specify the extent of the damage.

The launch itself, which sent a Soyuz spacecraft to the International Space Station, was successful, and none of the three astronauts on board were harmed.

However, Roscosmos footage suggests that the service bay below the launchpad was dislodged as the Soyuz fired its booster engines on it.

A video clip of the launch, published by state media, showed debris flying up from the trench as the rocket's exhaust plume flared, which could indicate an explosion or structural collapse.

Another overhead shot of the aftermath, from Roscosmos, then showed the charred remains of a large structure lying in the facility's exhaust trench.

An annotated screenshot shows the service bay of the launchpad in disrepair at the bottom of an exhaust trench.
The remains of what appears to be the service bay can be seen below the launchpad. This screenshot was annotated by Business Insider.  Screenshot/Roscosmos

Meanwhile, footage of the launchpad filmed just before liftoff showed that the trench was previously empty.

An overhead view of the Baikonur launchpad can be seen.
The launchpad's flame trench was empty just before liftoff.  Screenshot/Roscosmos

The service bay is a platform located near the bottom of the launchpad that houses critical cabling, sensors, and other equipment, and also provides technicians with a work area for the rocket's tail section.

It's unclear how the service bay was dislodged and how long it may take to repair. Roscosmos did not respond to a request for comment sent outside regular business hours.

"The launch complex's condition is currently being assessed," the agency told state media. "All necessary backup components are available for restoration, and the damage will be repaired soon."

The Soyuz spacecraft carried two Russian astronauts and one NASA astronaut, Chris Williams, who arrived safely at the International Space Station.

In a statement to Business Insider, a NASA spokesperson said the space administration was aware that Roscosmos was inspecting the site after the launch on Thursday. It deferred to the Russian agency for any further information.

Site 31/6 is Russia's only crewed launchpad

The damage from Thursday stands to disrupt operations at Russia's only launchpad for crewed space missions.

This particular pad, called Site 31/6, was built in the 1960s at the Baikonur spaceport, a Soviet-era facility that Russia leases from Kazakhstan.

The Baikonur spaceport has an alternative pad, known as Site 1 or Gagarin's Start. It was where Russia launched the famed cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin for the world's first human spaceflight. Site 1, which had been in use since the 1950s, ceased spaceflight operations in 2019.

The United Arab Emirates signed an agreement of interest in 2021 to fund the modernization of the older pad, though the deal likely fell through. Russian authorities announced in 2023 that they would turn Gagarin's Start into a museum.

Russia is also building a new spaceport, the Vostochny Cosmodrome, in its territory, but has yet to complete the infrastructure for crewed launches.

Update: November 28, 2025 — This story was updated to reflect a comment from NASA.

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Matthew Loh
Matthew is a senior reporter at Business Insider's Singapore bureau, primarily covering defense and how the war in Ukraine is rapidly changing battle technology and tactics.He joined the team in June 2021, previously focusing on internet crime and labor, examining how these issues impact modern society in Asia, with a particular emphasis on China.In 2024, he won the Singapore Press Club's Young Journalist of the Year Award. His work from 2023 also won a silver award from the North American Travel Journalists Association and accolades from Longreads.Matthew's previous work has been featured in the South China Morning Post, as well as Singaporean news companies TODAY and The Business Times.As a student, Matthew's coverage of migrant workers' nutrition in Singapore during the COVID pandemic won the SOAP Story of the Month award and the Student Category prize in the International Labor Organization's 2021 Global Media Competition on Labour Migration.Selected features: